vets-Canine distemper
Distemper mainly harms puppies. The pathogen is canine distemper virus. Sick dogs are characterized by biphasic fever, rhinitis, severe digestive tract disorders and respiratory tract inflammation. Neurological symptoms often appear in the later stages of the disease. Various secretions and excrements (nasal juice, saliva, tears, pericardial fluid, pleural fluid, ascites, and urine) of sick dogs, as well as blood, cerebrospinal fluid, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, spinal cord and other organs contain large amounts of viruses, and can Detoxification with respiratory secretions and urine to the outside world. Healthy dogs are in direct contact with sick dogs or through the respiratory or digestive tract through contaminated air or food. In addition to puppies, which are most susceptible to infection, foxes and minks in fur animals are also very susceptible to canine distemper.
【Diagnosis Essentials】
(1) Epidemiological characteristics The disease occurs frequently in the cold season (from October to April of the following year), especially in units or areas where dogs are more concentrated. Once this disease occurs in a dog group, it is difficult for other puppies to avoid infection unless under absolute isolation conditions. Breastfeeding puppies may get antibodies from breast milk, so they rarely get sick. Puppies between 3 months and 1 year are usually the most susceptible.
(2) Clinical features: Body temperature is biphasic (ie, body temperature rises as high as 40°C at the beginning of the disease, and then drops to normal after 1 to 2 days, and after 2 to 3 days, body temperature rises again); when the body temperature rises for the second time (A few cases died at this time) Respiratory symptoms, coughing, sneezing, serous to purulent nasal juice, dry nose; eyelid swelling, purulent conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers can often occur later; lower abdomen and inner thigh skin There are big red spots, edema and purulent papules of rice grains; often vomiting; initial constipation, shortly after diarrhea, foul smell of stool, sometimes mixed with blood and air bubbles. In a few cases, hyperkeratotic lesions of the skin of the soles and wing of the nose are seen. In some canine diseases, neurological symptoms appear at the beginning of the illness, and some do not show neurological symptoms 7 to 10 days after the illness.??
In mild cases, the lips and eyelids are locally twitched, while in severe cases, salivation and empty chewing, or turning, bumping, or foaming at the mouth, closed teeth, twitching on the ground, and epileptic seizures, which last from a few seconds to a few minutes, and the number of seizures varies from Several to ten times a day. Most of these dogs have a poor prognosis, some are only local convulsions or convulsions and paralysis of one limb and the entire hindquarters, ataxia and other neurological symptoms. Even if these dogs are cured, they often have sequelae such as hindquarters weakness.Because this disease is often mixed with canine infectious hepatitis and other diseases and secondary infection with bacteria, the symptoms are complicated. Therefore, only the preliminary diagnosis can be made based on the above symptoms, and the final diagnosis must be made of disease materials (conjunctiva, bladder, stomach, lung, trachea, brain, and serum) and sent to the testing unit for virus isolation and neutralization tests. inspection.
【Prevention of wrong application】
(1) Regular vaccination The current canine distemper vaccine produced in my country is a cell culture weak literacy vaccine. In order to improve the immunization effect, the following immunization procedures should be used for vaccination. The puppies are immunized for the first time at 6 weeks of age, for the second immunization at 8 weeks of age, and for the third time at 10 weeks of age. After immunization once a year, the dose of each immunization is 2 ml, and a certain immune effect can be obtained. In view of the fact that it takes a certain period of time (7-10 days) after the vaccine to produce a good immune effect.
At present, the prevalence of canine distemper is relatively common. Some dogs have been infected with canine distemper virus before immunization, but do not show clinical symptoms. Under the influence of certain stress factors (changes in living conditions, long-distance transportation, etc.), It can still trigger clinical symptoms and develop disease. This is one of the important reasons why some dogs still suffer from canine distemper after immunization. In order to improve the prevention of malpractice and reduce the infection rate, it is best to give it first when buying a puppy. Puppies are vaccinated with 4 to 5 ml of Canine Wulian High Immune Serum, and then injected again after 1 week. After 2 weeks, they will be vaccinated with Canine Wulian vaccine according to the above-mentioned immunization procedure. This is safe and reliable, and can reduce the incidence.
(2) Strengthen veterinary hygiene measures to record the epidemic. Each breeding farm should try to achieve self-reproduction and self-support. During the epidemic season of this disease, it is strictly forbidden to bring dogs outside the venue into the venue.
(3) Timely isolation and treatment Timely detection of sick dogs, early isolation and treatment to prevent secondary infections is the key to improving the cure rate and reducing the mortality rate. In the early stage of the disease, anti-canine distemper hyperimmune serum (or canine five-unit hyperimmune serum) or recovery dog serum (or whole blood) can be injected intramuscularly or subcutaneously. The dosage of serum should be determined according to the condition of the disease and the size of the dog, usually 5-10 ml% 2F times, continuous use for 3 to 5 days, a certain effect can be obtained. It has been reported that while using hyperimmune serum for treatment, the combined application of Kangduling freeze-dried powder injection can improve the therapeutic effect.
Its usage and dosage are as follows: Dissolve Kangduling with 20 ml of sterile normal saline or water for injection before treatment, intravenously inject 2 to 4 bottles for medium-sized dogs, and reduce the dosage for dogs with younger months. According to recent reports, in the early stage of the disease, the application of Kenbeikang injection has better curative effect, especially when it is used at the same time with hyperimmune serum, its curative effect is better than that of single use.
The usage and dosage of Kenibeikang is 0.1～0.3ml%2F kg body weight, intramuscular injection, 1～2 times%2F severe cases can be increased as appropriate. In addition, early application of antibiotics (such as penicillin, streptomycin, etc.) and symptomatic treatment are of great significance for preventing secondary bacterial infections and rehabilitation of sick dogs.
(4) Strengthen disinfection. All kinds of disinfectants, such as Baisusha, 1210, Weidao brand disinfectant, sodium hypochlorite, etc., should be used for thorough disinfection of kennels and sports grounds.
